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안녕하세요 가야태자 @talkit 입니다.
wget은 웹(http,https), FTP를 통해서 파일을 다운로드하게 해주는 고마운 툴입니다.
![[Pasted image 20230108221214.png]]
wget 의 설명을 보려면 리눅스에서
man wget이라고 치십시오.
그러면 다양한 옵션들이 있습니다. ^^
제가 공부해보려고 하는 내용은 웹에서 다운로드하기 와 ftp에서 다운로드 하기 입니다.
기본 사용법
리눅스 명령어의 기본 사용법은 거의 비슷합니다.
wget [옵션들] 다운로드할 주소옵션들은 생략이 가능 합니다. ^^
주소는 무조건 있어야 합니다.
web과 ftp는 주소에서 드립니다.
http:// 또는 https:// 로 시작하면 web에서 다운로드하는 것이구요.
ftp:// 에서 다운로드하면 FTP에서 다운로드 하는 것입니다.
web에서 다운로드하기
웹에서 다운로드는 웹 주소만 잘 주시면 됩니다 .^^
일반적으로 제가 프로그램을 다운로드할때 wget을 쓰는 모습을 보셨을 겁니다.
오늘은 네이버의 로고를 한번 다운로드 받아 볼텐데 실제 로고인지는 잘 모르겠습니다. ^^
https://s.pstatic.net/static/www/img/uit/sp_main_947f65.png
오 클릭해보니 맞네요
저 파일을 내려 받아 보겠습니다.
wget https://s.pstatic.net/static/www/img/uit/sp_main_947f65.png저 명령어를 제가 리눅스에 넣었습니다.
wget https://s.pstatic.net/static/www/img/uit/sp_main_947f65.png
--2023-01-08 05:18:35-- https://s.pstatic.net/static/www/img/uit/sp_main_947f65.png
Resolving s.pstatic.net (s.pstatic.net)... 125.209.254.152, 125.209.254.148, 125.209.254.150, ...
Connecting to s.pstatic.net (s.pstatic.net)|125.209.254.152|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 243162 (237K) [image/png]
Saving to: ‘sp_main_947f65.png’
sp_main_947f65.png 100%[========================================================================================================================================>] 237.46K --.-KB/s in 0.02s
2023-01-08 05:18:35 (10.2 MB/s) - ‘sp_main_947f65.png’ saved [243162/243162]
이렇게 잘 나오네요 ^^
그런데 웹에 있는 파일명 그대로 다운로드가 됩니다.
이번에는 .png 파일이 정의되어 있어서 잘 다운로드가 되었지만, ^^
가끔
wget -O naverlogo.png https://s.pstatic.net/static/www/img/uit/sp_main_947f65.png주소가 저따위로 되어 있으면 ^^ 파일명이 거의 저모습 그대로 저장 됩니다.
그래서,
web에서는 -O 옵션이 중요할 것같습니다.
talkit@ubuntu:~$ ls
Desktop emmptydir2 emmptydir5 ftpserver11.txt ftpserver14.txt ftpserver32.txt ftpserver35.txt ftpserver5.txt minio.deb Public study testtext.txt
Documents emmptydir3 emptydir ftpserver12.txt ftpserver15.txt ftpserver33.txt ftpserver3.txt ftpserver.txt Music snap temp Videos
Downloads emmptydir4 ftpclient.txt ftpserver13.txt ftpserver31.txt ftpserver34.txt ftpserver4.txt mattermost-7.5.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz Pictures sp_main_947f65.png Templates
저기 파일이 다운로드 되어 있습니다.
그런데, naverlogo.png로 변경하려면 어떻게 해야 할까요?
http://도메인주소/abcdefgh.do?dkjalsf=askldfjalksdj&aksdfja=ajskldfjawget -O naverlogo.png https://s.pstatic.net/static/www/img/uit/sp_main_947f65.png
--2023-01-08 05:22:34-- https://s.pstatic.net/static/www/img/uit/sp_main_947f65.png
Resolving s.pstatic.net (s.pstatic.net)... 125.209.254.152, 125.209.254.148, 125.209.254.150, ...
Connecting to s.pstatic.net (s.pstatic.net)|125.209.254.152|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 243162 (237K) [image/png]
Saving to: ‘naverlogo.png’
naverlogo.png 100%[========================================================================================================================================>] 237.46K --.-KB/s in 0.02s
2023-01-08 05:22:34 (10.7 MB/s) - ‘naverlogo.png’ saved [243162/243162]
talkit@ubuntu:~$ ls
Desktop emmptydir2 emmptydir5 ftpserver11.txt ftpserver14.txt ftpserver32.txt ftpserver35.txt ftpserver5.txt minio.deb Pictures sp_main_947f65.png Templates
Documents emmptydir3 emptydir ftpserver12.txt ftpserver15.txt ftpserver33.txt ftpserver3.txt ftpserver.txt Music Public study testtext.txt
Downloads emmptydir4 ftpclient.txt ftpserver13.txt ftpserver31.txt ftpserver34.txt ftpserver4.txt mattermost-7.5.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz naverlogo.png snap temp Videos
잘 저장이 되었습니다.
저기 naverlog.png 보이시지요 ^^
다운로드 받으실 주소를 복사하시고
wget 명령어 뒤에다가 넣어 주시면 되고
-O 옵션을 기억 하시면 될 것 같습니다.
개별 파일의 경우 -O 옵션은 FTP에서도 가능 합니다.
ftp에서 다운로드하기
FTP options:
--ftp-user=USER set ftp user to USER
--ftp-password=PASS set ftp password to PASS
--no-remove-listing don't remove '.listing' files
--no-glob turn off FTP file name globbing
--no-passive-ftp disable the "passive" transfer mode
--preserve-permissions preserve remote file permissions
--retr-symlinks when recursing, get linked-to files (not dir)
FTP 관련 옵션위와 같습니다. ^^
저기서 3가지 정도를 사용해야 합니다.
--ftp-user= ftp 사용자아이디
--ftp-password= ftp 사용자패스워드
--no-passive-ftp위세가지 옵션을 이용해서 한번 다운로드 해보겠습니다
wget --ftp-user=사용자아이디 --ftp-password=비밀번호 [--no-passive-ftp] 다운로드주소FTP도 동일하게 다운로드여서 무조건 다운로드 주소는 있어야 합니다.
한번 제가 지난 번에 만들어 둔 ftp로 다운을 받아 보겠습니다.
내부 FTP여서 ^^
wget --ftp-user=talkit --ftp-password=비밀번호 ftp://192.168.0.27:21/ftp*wget --ftp-user=talkit --ftp-password=비빌번호 ftp://192.168.0.27:21/ftp*
--2023-01-08 06:10:19-- ftp://192.168.0.27/ftp*
=> ‘.listing’
Connecting to 192.168.0.27:21... connected.
Logging in as talkit ... Logged in!
==> SYST ... done. ==> PWD ... done.
==> TYPE I ... done. ==> CWD not needed.
==> PASV ... done. ==> LIST ... done.
.listing [ <=> ] 3.36K --.-KB/s in 0s
2023-01-08 06:10:20 (24.1 MB/s) - ‘.listing’ saved [3445]
Removed ‘.listing’.
--2023-01-08 06:10:20-- ftp://192.168.0.27/ftpclient.txt
=> ‘ftpclient.txt’
==> CWD not required.
==> PASV ... done. ==> RETR ftpclient.txt ... done.
Length: 35
ftpclient.txt 100%[========================================================================================================================================>] 35 --.-KB/s in 0.01s
2023-01-08 06:10:20 (2.91 KB/s) - ‘ftpclient.txt’ saved [35]
--2023-01-08 06:10:20-- ftp://192.168.0.27/ftpserver.txt
=> ‘ftpserver.txt’
==> CWD not required.
==> PASV ... done. ==> RETR ftpserver.txt ... done.
Length: 35
ftpserver.txt 100%[========================================================================================================================================>] 35 --.-KB/s in 0.02s
2023-01-08 06:10:20 (2.20 KB/s) - ‘ftpserver.txt’ saved [35]
--2023-01-08 06:10:20-- ftp://192.168.0.27/ftpserver11.txt
=> ‘ftpserver11.txt’
==> CWD not required.
==> PASV ... done. ==> RETR ftpserver11.txt ... done.
Length: 35
ftpserver11.txt 100%[========================================================================================================================================>] 35 --.-KB/s in 0.006s
2023-01-08 06:10:20 (5.26 KB/s) - ‘ftpserver11.txt’ saved [35]
--2023-01-08 06:10:20-- ftp://192.168.0.27/ftpserver12.txt
=> ‘ftpserver12.txt’
==> CWD not required.
==> PASV ... done. ==> RETR ftpserver12.txt ... done.
Length: 35
ftpserver12.txt 100%[========================================================================================================================================>] 35 --.-KB/s in 0.007s
2023-01-08 06:10:20 (5.07 KB/s) - ‘ftpserver12.txt’ saved [35]
--2023-01-08 06:10:20-- ftp://192.168.0.27/ftpserver13.txt
=> ‘ftpserver13.txt’
==> CWD not required.
==> PASV ... done. ==> RETR ftpserver13.txt ... done.
Length: 35
ftpserver13.txt 100%[========================================================================================================================================>] 35 --.-KB/s in 0.006s
2023-01-08 06:10:20 (5.35 KB/s) - ‘ftpserver13.txt’ saved [35]
--2023-01-08 06:10:20-- ftp://192.168.0.27/ftpserver14.txt
=> ‘ftpserver14.txt’
==> CWD not required.
==> PASV ... done. ==> RETR ftpserver14.txt ... done.
Length: 35
ftpserver14.txt 100%[========================================================================================================================================>] 35 --.-KB/s in 0.009s
2023-01-08 06:10:20 (3.61 KB/s) - ‘ftpserver14.txt’ saved [35]
--2023-01-08 06:10:20-- ftp://192.168.0.27/ftpserver15.txt
=> ‘ftpserver15.txt’
==> CWD not required.
==> PASV ... done. ==> RETR ftpserver15.txt ... done.
Length: 35
ftpserver15.txt 100%[========================================================================================================================================>] 35 --.-KB/s in 0s
2023-01-08 06:10:20 (97.6 KB/s) - ‘ftpserver15.txt’ saved [35]
--2023-01-08 06:10:20-- ftp://192.168.0.27/ftpserver3.txt
=> ‘ftpserver3.txt’
==> CWD not required.
==> PASV ... done. ==> RETR ftpserver3.txt ... done.
Length: 35
ftpserver3.txt 100%[========================================================================================================================================>] 35 --.-KB/s in 0s
2023-01-08 06:10:20 (72.0 KB/s) - ‘ftpserver3.txt’ saved [35]
--2023-01-08 06:10:20-- ftp://192.168.0.27/ftpserver31.txt
=> ‘ftpserver31.txt’
==> CWD not required.
==> PASV ... done. ==> RETR ftpserver31.txt ... done.
Length: 35
ftpserver31.txt 100%[========================================================================================================================================>] 35 --.-KB/s in 0.002s
2023-01-08 06:10:20 (20.0 KB/s) - ‘ftpserver31.txt’ saved [35]
--2023-01-08 06:10:20-- ftp://192.168.0.27/ftpserver32.txt
=> ‘ftpserver32.txt’
==> CWD not required.
==> PASV ... done. ==> RETR ftpserver32.txt ... done.
Length: 35
ftpserver32.txt 100%[========================================================================================================================================>] 35 --.-KB/s in 0s
2023-01-08 06:10:20 (139 KB/s) - ‘ftpserver32.txt’ saved [35]
--2023-01-08 06:10:20-- ftp://192.168.0.27/ftpserver33.txt
=> ‘ftpserver33.txt’
==> CWD not required.
==> PASV ... done. ==> RETR ftpserver33.txt ... done.
Length: 35
ftpserver33.txt 100%[========================================================================================================================================>] 35 --.-KB/s in 0.002s
2023-01-08 06:10:20 (14.7 KB/s) - ‘ftpserver33.txt’ saved [35]
--2023-01-08 06:10:20-- ftp://192.168.0.27/ftpserver34.txt
=> ‘ftpserver34.txt’
==> CWD not required.
==> PASV ... done. ==> RETR ftpserver34.txt ... done.
Length: 35
ftpserver34.txt 100%[========================================================================================================================================>] 35 --.-KB/s in 0.002s
2023-01-08 06:10:20 (18.7 KB/s) - ‘ftpserver34.txt’ saved [35]
--2023-01-08 06:10:20-- ftp://192.168.0.27/ftpserver35.txt
=> ‘ftpserver35.txt’
==> CWD not required.
==> PASV ... done. ==> RETR ftpserver35.txt ... done.
Length: 35
ftpserver35.txt 100%[========================================================================================================================================>] 35 --.-KB/s in 0s
2023-01-08 06:10:20 (127 KB/s) - ‘ftpserver35.txt’ saved [35]
--2023-01-08 06:10:20-- ftp://192.168.0.27/ftpserver4.txt
=> ‘ftpserver4.txt’
==> CWD not required.
==> PASV ... done. ==> RETR ftpserver4.txt ... done.
Length: 35
ftpserver4.txt 100%[========================================================================================================================================>] 35 --.-KB/s in 0s
2023-01-08 06:10:20 (147 KB/s) - ‘ftpserver4.txt’ saved [35]
--2023-01-08 06:10:20-- ftp://192.168.0.27/ftpserver5.txt
=> ‘ftpserver5.txt’
==> CWD not required.
==> PASV ... done. ==> RETR ftpserver5.txt ... done.
Length: 35
ftpserver5.txt 100%[========================================================================================================================================>] 35 --.-KB/s in 0s
위와 같이 사용 가능 합니다. ^^
ftp로 시작하는 아이들이 잘 다운로드 되었습니다.
ls
ftpclient.txt ftpserver12.txt ftpserver14.txt ftpserver31.txt ftpserver33.txt ftpserver35.txt ftpserver4.txt ftpserver.txt
ftpserver11.txt ftpserver13.txt ftpserver15.txt ftpserver32.txt ftpserver34.txt ftpserver3.txt ftpserver5.txt
유용한 옵션 --mirror
홈페이지나 오픈소스를 하다보면 백업을 해야할 경우가 있습니다.
wget --mirror --ftp-user=talkit --ftp-password=비빌번호 ftp://192.168.0.27:21/*talkit 계정을 미러링 해보겠습니다. ^^
cd 192.168.0.27/
talkt2@ubuntu:~/wgettest/192.168.0.27$ ls
Desktop emmptydir2 emmptydir5 ftpserver11.txt ftpserver14.txt ftpserver32.txt ftpserver35.txt ftpserver5.txt minio.deb Pictures sp_main_947f65.png Templates wgettest
Documents emmptydir3 emptydir ftpserver12.txt ftpserver15.txt ftpserver33.txt ftpserver3.txt ftpserver.txt Music Public study testtext.txt
Downloads emmptydir4 ftpclient.txt ftpserver13.txt ftpserver31.txt ftpserver34.txt ftpserver4.txt mattermost-7.5.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz naverlogo.png snap temp Videos
미러링은 잘 되었습니다.
결론
wget 은 정말 고마운 툴입니다.
요즘은 또 유행하고 있는 것이 curl 이 유행을 하고 있어서 한번 글을 언젠가 적어 보겠습니다.
감샇합니다.
#linux #command #wget
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